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| Grammar fact sheet:
week and days |
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Topics
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Week
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Days
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Day schedule
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Week
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The Zarma word habu means both week and market.
There are different ways in Zarma to express
last week, next week, et cetera.
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Expressions with week
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Zarma |
English |
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habu |
week (also: market) |
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habu wo |
this week |
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habu kan bu |
last week |
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hino habu |
next week; next market |
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habu bene |
week after next |
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Days (lesson
17)
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The Zarma names of the days (hane, jirbi)
are derived from Arab. The first day of a
week in Muslim countries is
Sunday. Only for Friday, the day Muslims
gather to pray at a mosque at noon, the Zarma
also have their own name Han beri or the
Big day.
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Days of the week
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Week day |
Zarma |
Arabic 1 |
English |
| 1 |
alhadi, alhado |
Yawm Al-Aḥad |
Sunday |
| 2 |
attini,
attino |
Yawm Al-Ithnayn |
Monday |
| 3 |
attalaata |
Yawm
Ath-Thulaathaaʼ |
Tuesday |
| 4 |
alarba |
Yawm Al-Arba'aa' |
Wednesday |
| 5 |
alaamisi,
alaamisa |
Yawm Al-Khamīs |
Thursday |
| 6 |
alzuma or Han beeri |
Yawm Al-Jumu'ah |
Friday |
| 7 |
asipti,
asipto |
Yawm As-Sabt |
Saturday |
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1 source:
wikipedia |
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There are different ways in Zarma to express,
for example, last Wednesday, next Wednesday, et
cetera. This is similar to the expression for
last and next week.
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Expressions with specific days
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Zarma |
English |
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Alarba wo |
this Wednesday, Wednesday of
this week |
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Alarba kan bu |
last Wednesday |
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Alarba kan ga kaa |
next Wednesday, this coming
Wednesday |
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hine Alarba |
next Wednesday |
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Alarba bene |
Wednesday after next |
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There are different ways in Zarma to express
days past and days to come.
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Expressions with non-specific
relative days
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Zarma |
English |
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hunkuna |
today |
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bi |
yesterday |
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bifo |
usually day before yesterday,
but may be another yesterday |
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bifo hendi; bifo yongo |
the day before bifo, that
is, usually 3 day ago |
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za jirbi hinza |
since 3 days, 3 days ago |
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suba |
tomorrow |
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subasi |
day after tomorrow |
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subasi hendi; subasi yongo |
the day next after subasi,
that is 3 days hence |
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subasi yongo, a cella fa |
4
days hence |
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Expressions with day
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Zarma |
English |
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cin fo da zari hinka Dosso |
I
spent two days and one night in
Dosso |
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zari hinka a mana di a |
I
haven't seen him for two days |
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jirbi hinka ay mana di a |
I
haven't seen him for two days |
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na wone no ay se za jirbi way |
he gave me this ten days ago |
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Back |
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Day schedule (Lesson 4)
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"Han fo", a day, shows you the main parts of the day that a distinguished by the Zarma.
In total there are nine periods. Move the mouse to the picture. Click the left mouse button and an animation will appear in a popup.
Most of the initial greetings are related to the moment of the day. In the table below the this greetings are given for each moment of the day. In
addition the name of some parts of the day also is related to the prayer.
Part of the day and greetings
| Zarma |
alfazar |
adduha |
wete |
zari |
alula |
wiciri |
hire |
almari
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cini |
| English |
dawn, sunrise |
early morning sunrise till 10:00 am |
mid-morning 10:00 till 11:30 am |
noon |
early afternoon 12:30 am till 4:30 pm |
late after noon to sunset |
after sunset till supper time |
after dark until bed time |
night |
| Greeting |
kani |
kani |
wete |
foy |
foy |
wiciri |
hire |
almare |
. |
| Prayers |
alfazar
at sunrise |
adduha 9:00 till 10:00 am |
wete
10:00 till 12:00 am |
. |
alula
2:30 till
3:00 pm |
alasar 4:30 till 5:00 pm |
. |
almari
8:30 till 9:00 pm |
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Remarks
Greetings are formed with the verb given, e.g. "Ni wete baani?" (see also
Lesson 5.C). The given verb usually means 'to pass the specific part of the day'. Exceptions are "kani" (to rest) that refers to the night before, and "foy" (to spent the daytime) that refers to the whole day.
Formal current prayer times may
differ (see
here)
| nr |
Arab name |
English |
time |
| 1 |
Fajr |
morning |
between the very beginning of
dawn and sunrise |
| 2 |
Shurooq |
sunrise |
the time of sunrise, the time
when the upper limb of the sun
just starts to appear above the
horizon. This marks the end time
for Fajr (morning) prayer. |
| 3 |
Dhuhr |
noon |
Between the
declining of the sun and Asr
(when the shadow of something is
twice its own length) |
| 4 |
Asr |
late afternoon |
Immediately
after the last time limit of
Dhuhr until (just before) the
sunset |
| 5 |
Maghrib |
evening |
Soon after the
sunset
until the disappearance of the
twilight |
| 6 |
Isha |
night |
After the
disappearance of the twilight
until midnight. |
Other expressions
1. susubay morning, from sunrise
to noon (adduha and wete).
2. wiciri kambu or wucir kambu
is also used for wiciri
3. almari kambu means twilight
4. cini bine and cini bindi
mean might night,
cini bine is said to be used for the time between 00:00 and
05:00 hours
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Idiomatic expressions |
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Expressions with part of day
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Zarma |
English |
| a
kaa zaro ra |
he came in the day time |
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ga dira zari |
he will travel by day |
| a
kaa da wayno |
he came in the heat of the sun |
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to spent a part
of the day or begin at a part of
the day |
hanna ka ...
ay izo hanna ka hen |
to spent the night
my child cried all the night long |
weta ka ...
i wete ka caw |
to spent the forenoon
they spent the morning reading (or studying) |
foy ka ...
i foy ka koy |
to spent the whole day
they work all day long |
biya ka ..
iri ma biya ka koy naruyan |
to begin early morning
let's start our trip early in the morning |
wayma ka ...
i wayma ka tun |
to begin late afternoon
they set out late afternoon |
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Last updated:
04 maart 2012
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